Process of Düzce city analysis of reconstruction after the 1999 earthquakes

Earthquakes are evaluated as major disasters due to factors such as affecting large areas, sudden emergence, to cause financial and moral damages to people and the environment. The reduction of losses caused by the multi-faceted on individuals before and after the earthquake plays a very important planning and design work. At such studies, experience from past earthquakes are used, regions that have suffered from the earthquake are analyzed and evaluated. As a result of these evaluations, the lessons learned can be used to reduce potential earthquake losses.The purpose of this research is analysis a restructuring study of the province Duzce , influenced by the 1999 earthquakes. By accessing the data of the past experience, restructuring steps that can be used on the possible earthquakes in future will provide more healthy and faster recovery. In this way, the earthquake damage would be reduced.In this study, the effects of post-earthquake reconstruction on people is determined by taking it`s physical phases and the perception of them to their new environment is investigated. In addition, post-earthquake reconstruction is examined in the context of physical and locational transformation of Turkey-Duzce. For this purpose, quantitative and qualitative data were obtained from questionnaires and these data has been analyzed statistically. The population of the field study is limited by the most damaged five neighborhoods in the city center.Examination has been performed on a group of two hundred and ninety-four people who had to change their destroyed or damaged the environment to new place after an earthquake or not changed and continued to live in thie former place.As a result of the study, assessment approach for post disaster reconstruction has been developed for the psycho-social and physical conditions of the disaster affected region. This approach offers planners, constructors and designers to reconstruct the area psycho-socially and physically after the disaster.The analysis of the data obtained from research shows that the ongoing negative effects of complete displacement after an earthquake. The proposed solution, restructuring in the same place in the center, re-structuring of the district same as before, partially or completely replacing the neighborhood and as an another solution reconstruction can be performed anywhere close to the center.