Evaluation of the clinic, labaratory and prognostic values of patients who referred by the national congenital hypothyroidism screening programme between 2008-2018 to Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology

Introduction and purpose: Congenital hypothyroidism is still one of the most common preventable mental retardation causes. Permanent or transient hypothyroidism tables may occur. In this study; etiology and prognosis of congenital and neonatal hypothyroid patients referred from national screening programme were planned. In this way; The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and results of congenital hypothyroid screening specific to our region. Material and Method: A total of 132 patients who were referred to us from the national congenital hypothyroid scaned between 2008-2018 in Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology were included in the study. Age, height, weight, FT4, TSH, thyroglobulin, iodine concentration in the urine, thyroid ultrasonography, age at admission, admission drug use, premature and maternal birth, clinical findings, treatment doses, duration of treatment, if the treatment was discontinued, the age of the cut was retrospectively reviewed from the patients' files. The data were analyzed by using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) version 22 statistical package program. When defining the nominal variables, numbers and percentages were used to define numerical variables and mean, standard deviation, lowest and highest values were used. Significance level was accepted as 0.05. Results: Congenital hypothyroidism rate was higher in girls. Transient CH rate was higher than permanent CH. High levels of iodine was found in the etiology of both permanent and transient CH. Thyroid dysgenesis was detected as the first etiology cause of persistent CH. Jaundice was the most common observated clinical finidings. Thyroid size was found to be lower in permanent CH group. Thyroglobulin levels were significantly lower in the group with permanent CH. Conclusion: This study shows that; In addition to iodine deficiency in our country, iodine loading is also an important problem and it is striking that it is the first among all causes of congenital hypothyroidism. Although not recommended; applying iodine-containing solutions to the infant (belly care) and to the mother before and after the birth cause iodine loading. Therefore, it is necessary to develop policies throughout the country in order to prevent this situation which poses a serious problem for newborn babies. Iodine levels in urine should be measured in most centers. In this way, besides the detection of the problem, there will be a chance that the initial treatment will be stop earlier. Keywords: Congenital hypothyroidism, Thyroid Dysgenesis, Iodine Deficiency, Iodine Loading