Distribution of respiratory infection viruses in 2019-2020 season and determination of oseltamivir resistance of influenza viruses

INTRODUCTION AND AIM: In this study, we aimed to determine the seasonal distribution of viral factors in patients presenting with symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection by multiplex PCR method and investigating Oseltamivir drug resistance in samples found to be influenza A (H1N1) positive. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data of the Nasopharyngeal swab samples and bronchoalveolar lavage samples which were studied by multiplex PCR method (QIAstat-Qiagen, Germany), of 354 patients aged 0-94 who applied to Sakarya University Sakarya Training and Research Hospital with symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection between 12 September 2019 and 19 February 2020 were examined retrospectively. As a result, Oseltamivir resistance was investigated by sanger sequence analysis in 11 samples selected among Influenza A (H1N1) positive samples, in the National Virology Reference Laboratory of the Ministry of Health, General Directorate of Public Health, Microbiology Reference Laboratories and Biological Products Department. RESULTS: One or more respiratory viral factors were identified in 233 of the 354 samples examined. Of these, 64 were Influenza A/H1N1,4 Influenza A/H3N2, 24 Influenza B, 64 Respiratory Sympathy Virus A/B (RSV A/B), 58 Rhinovirus/Enterovirus, 18 Adenovirus, 12 Human Metapneumo Virus (hMPV), 10 Bocavirus, 4 Parainfluenza 1, 7 Parainfluenza 3, 3 Parainfluenza 4, 5 Coronavirus HKU1 and 13 Coronavirus NL63. Oseltamivir resistance was detected in none of the 11 samples selected from strains that tested positive for influenza A/H1N1. CONCLUSION: Oseltamivir resistance was not detected in any of the Influenza A/H1N1 positive samples examined in this study. It is important to test influenza A/H1N1 strains at certain intervals in terms of Oseltamivir resistance in order to direct empirical treatment. Keywords: Respiratory viruses, Influenza, Oseltamivir, Resistance, Sequence.