Comparison of EU countries and Turkey's social state expenses via cluster analysis

Social state concept gained importance in the middle part of eighteenth century and following term it affected nearly every aspect of life like social, political, economic, cultural etc. But it's made its arise with the Industrial Revolution. The oppressed class of workers due to Industrial Revolution, began to claim their rights and from that term on, the state of law gained the principles of social state as a new legitibility. Acceptance of social state at international level happened with various constitutional documents and internatiol agreements. 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1947 constitution of Italy, 1949 constitution of Germany and 1958 constitution of France could be given as examples. In terms of Turkey, initial social state implementations were made with 1961 constitution. For European Union (EU) countries embracing and developing social state principles occurred with various agreements and establishing different communities. Social state concept lived its golden age particularly after World War II to 1970's oil crisis. But with the embracement of capitalism world has become unipolar and social state concept got weaken. It is possible to define purpose of social state as: fair income distribution and poverty reduction, providing equality in opportunity, providing social security, realizing full employment and struggling unemployment, providing social equilibrium and peace, achieving economic growth and and development. Social state utilizes some instrumentations such as public expenditures and taxation, regulations and controls, government business enterprises, planning, expropriation and nationalization to make those purposes real. Cluster analysis is one of methods being used in data mining to classify variables by their similarities and differences consideringly characteristic features. In this thesis, European Union countries and Turkey's social state spendings with regards to health spendings, education spendings and social protection spendings were compared via cluster analysis.