Investigation of CO2 removal efficiency in different operating conditions by absorption method

It is of great importance to reduce and control carbon dioxide, one of the greenhouse gases that play a role in the emergence of climate change, the effects of which are experienced on a global scale. Within the scope of the thesis, the carbon dioxide gas removal process was examined using a counter-current packed bed absorber. Experiments were carried out to determine the removal efficiency of carbon dioxide fed to the absorption system in fixed amounts at different air and liquid flow rates. Absorption rates, mass transfer coefficients and absorption efficiencies were calculated using the data obtained by the experiments. Maximum absorption rate, mass transfer coefficient and absorption efficiency were obtained by operating the absorption system at 2.5 m3/hour air and 3 L/min liquid flow rate. Minimum absorption rate, mass transfer coefficient and absorption efficiency were determined at a liquid flow rate of 1 L/min against an air flow rate of 3.5 m3/hour. Minimum and maximum absorption rates were observed as 0.44 and 1.32 gmol/hour, respectively. Mass transfer coefficients are in the range of 9.79-29.37 kmol/m3.atm.hour. Minimum absorption efficiency was determined as 5.07% and maximum absorption efficiency was determined as 15.28%. It has been observed that absorption rates, mass transfer coefficients and absorption efficiencies increase when liquid flow rates increase and decrease when air flow rates increase. Air and liquid flow rates must be considered when optimizing the system. Carbon dioxide removal studies make significant contributions to reducing the effects of climate change.