The relationships between food compsumption and Pitssburgh sleep quality scale on the adult who apply Nutrition and Diet Department at Acibadem Maslak Hospital

This study was performed to investigate the relationship between food consumption and sleep qualities of the individuals. The study was conducted on a total 100 healthy individuals (60 females and 40 males) aged 20-64 years old presenting to Nutrition and Diet Polyclinic of Acibadem Maslak Hospital between August 2014 and November 2014. Personal characteristics and some nutritional behaviors of the individuals were inquired with an inquiry form. Nutritional status of the individuals were determined with three day 24-hour food intake recording. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to determine the sleep qualities of the individuals and Beck Depression Scale was used to determine the emotional status of the individuals. The mean age of the individuals participating in the study was found to be 29.79±9.9 years and mean BMİ to be 23±3.7 kg/m2. When the nutritional status of the individuals were evaluated, the percentage of diet energy of the individuals derived from carbohydrate, protein and fats were found to be average 34,62%, 19,31% and 46,1%; respectively. Average daily dietary energy consumption of the individuals was demonstrated to be 1267,5±282,06 kcal. When the sleep qualities of the individuals were evaluated, Pittsburgh indices ranged between 0 and 21 and mean Pittsburgh index was 9.45±5.75. It was observed that the sleep quality was good in 24% of the individuals and poor in 76% of them. When the emotional states of the individuals were evaluated, Beck Depression scores ranged between 0 and 32 and mean Beck Depression score was 9.16±7.15. While depression was not observed in 76% of the individuals, mild depression, moderate depression and severe depression were observed in 16%, 5% and 3% of them; respectively. When the relationship between demographic characteristics and sleep qualities of the individuals were evaluated, while no significant relationship was found between the age, gender, marital status, working condition and sleep qualities; a significant relationship was found between educational status and sleep quality (p:0.042; p<0.05). When daily energy consumptions and macronutrient consumptions of the individuals were evaluated according to Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, while the average daily energy consumption of the individuals with good sleep quality was demonstrated to be 1253,88±247,92 kcal, the average daily energy consumption of the individuals with poor sleep quality was demonstrated to be 1271,8±293,41 kcal. This difference was not found to be statistically significant (p>0.05). While the percentages of diet energy derived from carbohydrate, protein and fats of the individuals with good sleep quality were demonstrated to be 35,96±6,52%, 19,46±3,44% and 44,46±5,79; respectively; the percentages of diet energy derived from carbohydrate, protein and fats of the individuals with poor sleep quality were demonstrated to be 34,2±7,73%, 19,26±3,79% and 46,62±7,05%. This difference was not found to be statistically significant (p>0.05). In our study, when the daily vitamin and mineral consumption of the individuals were evaluated according to Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, no significant relationship was determined between them. In conclusion, sleep and nutrition are essential components of a healthy lifestyle. In recent years, increasing obesity and diabetes prevalence in parallel with decrease in sleep quality was considered to be interesting. The increasing number of the studies on this subject will enlighten the relationship between the high sleep quality and health. Keywords: Sleep quality, food consumption, nutrition, Pittsburgh Sleep Index, depression.