Investigation of Achillea sivasica Celik & Akpulat essential oil for chemical composition, enantiomers and biological activity

In scope of investigation the essential oils and extracts of Achillea sivasica Çelik & Akpulat were subjected to phytochemical and biological investigations. The volatiles were obtained from the flower, leaves and roots of the plant and their chemical composition was investigated with GC/MS and GC-FID techniques. -Pinene (11.5%, 9.3%, 6.7%), -pinene (7.0%, 3.0%, 6.9%), 1,8-cineole (18.0%, 22.1%, 6.7%), camphor (7.6%, 4.1%, 9.0%), -bisabolol (7.5%, 4.3%, 6.6%), germacrene D (4.8%, 3.5%, 2.0%) and -eudesmol (3.1%, 3.9%, 3.6%) were found to be the main constituents in the essential oils (repectively herb, flower, leaf). Linoleic (26.9%, 16.9%), linolenic (13.2%, 56.2%), oleic (20.9%, 3.9%) and palmitic acids (22.2%, 17.3%) were the major constituents among the fatty acids in the flower and the leaves. The enantiomer ratios of the major enantiomers were investigated by analizing of the volatiles on chiral column. The total phenols and the total flavonoids content were evaluated in the extracts obtained from the plant with different polarities solvent. The oils and extracts were subjected to investigation for antioxidant and antityrosinase effects with in vitro experiments. The methanol and ethyl acetate leaf extracts were found to be the most effective in the inhibition of the lipid peroxidation (AOA%: MeOH 53.9, EtAc 55.8), with cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (TE mM: MeOH 0.94, EtAc 0.46) and as antityrosinase agents (KAE mg/g: .MeOH 5.5, EtAc 6.2). This work is the first phytochemical and biological activity research about Achillea sivasica plant. Keywords: Achillea sivasica, essential oil, enantiomer, extract, activity, GC/MS.