Determination of resistance levels of acaricides used in citrus production in panonychus citri (Acari: Tetranychidae) at Adana using bioassay and biochemical methods and their effects on some phytoseiidae (Acari) species

In this study, resistance status of 10 different Panonychus citri McGregor (Acari: Tetranychidae) populations collected from Adana province were determined against abamectin, etoxazole, spirodiclofen, spirotetramat and pyridaben using bioassay and biochemical methods. In addition, side effects of these acaricides were also determined on different biological stages of Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot, Euseius scutalis (Athias-Henriot) and Typhlodromus athiasae (Porath & Swirski) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Based on the LC50 values of susceptible and orchard populations of P. citri, resistance ratios changed between 2.818-34.822, 1.221-18.359, 1.239-40.438, 1.760-27.505 and 2.244-75.066 fold for abamectin, etoxazole, spirodiclofen, spirotetramat and pyridaben, respectively. Total esterase and glutathion s-transferase enzyme activities determined in the populations, changed between 15.856-43.268, and 2.076-5.293 mOD/min/mg protein. All the acaricides used in the experiments were found to be toxic againist T. athiasae. While, abamectin and pyridaben were determined as toxic to A. swirskii, abamectin, etoxazole and pyridaben were toxic to E. scutalis. Key Words: Panonychus citri, Phytoseiidae, direnç, yan etki, Adana