Antioxidant activity and PHYTO-chemical properties of pomegranate (punica granatum L.) fruit in adiyaman grown and its industrial wastes

Aim: Punica granatum L. is the most important plant belonging to the Punicaceae family that has tremendous nutritional composition and medicinal values. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity and phyto-chemical properties of pomegranate fruit grown in Adıyaman province and its attributed as waste tissues using seven various solvents (methanol, ethanol, water, acidified methanol, acidified ethanol, acidified water and n-hexane). Material and Method: The fruit, leaves and pomegranate molasses samples used in this research were supplied from in Adıyaman (Kâhta) province. The sample were extracted using soxhlet extraction method with different solvents. Total phenolic, flavonoid, flavanol, flavonol, tannin and monomeric anthocyanins content were evaluated in order to determine the phyto-chemical properties of the extracts. For antioxidant capacity estimation of the extracts, DPPH, Fe3+ ion reducing power, metal chelating activity and CUPRAC assays were applied. Since methanol extract has the highest phenolic content, methanol extract was used to determine the phenolic profile by HPLC method. Similarly, as acidified methanol extract has the highest monomeric anthocyanin content, acidified methanol extract was employed to identify the anthocyanin profile by LC-MS/MS method. Results: The obtained data showed that the solvent used in extraction and the different tissue of plant significantly affected the phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of the extracts. Especially, the leaf and bud extracts exhibited higher activity than BHT in determination of antioxidant activity compared to DPPH, Fe3+ reducing power and CUPRAC assays. Punicalagin and cyanidin-3-glucoside was determined as major components. Conclusion: This study reveals the agro-industrial waste of pomegranate rather than pomegranate fruit are a good source of polyphenol that potential could be used for different industries, such as cosmetic, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and food. Keywords: Antioxidant activity, Phenolic compound, Pomegranate flower buds, Punica granatum L.