Investigation of the relationship between OGTT and pregnancy complications in Adiyaman

Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) is a diagnostic and screening test used in the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends OGTT to pregnant women since diabetes mellitus can cause birth anomalies, trauma during birth, RDS, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, neonatal hypoglycemia, macrosomic infant and birth trauma. In our country, there are doctors who strongly oppose the OGTT in recent years. Until the period in which our study was planned, there are no publications in the literature that prove the possible side effects of OGTT to pregnant women. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between OGTT and perinatal and postpartum periods of pregnancies. In the province of Adıyaman in 2018, approximately 6300 births occurred in the 18-35 age group. 250 of the pregnant women who were tested with OGTT and 250 of the pregnant women who weren't tested OGTT were randomly selected. The study was completed with a total of 433 pregnant women. Preeclampsia, Polyhydroamniosis, Oligohydroamniosis, Intrauterine death, Preterm labor and Postterm labor for pregnant women and hypothyroidism, Neonatal Hypoglycemia, Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia, Respiratory Distress Syndrome and birth weight parameters for newborn were examined between the groups. The analyzes were performed with SPSS 17 program and Chi-square and Fisher tests were used in the comparisons. The study was completed with 211 pregnant women who had applied OGTT and 222 pregnant women who were not applied OGTT. Preeclampsia (OGTT (+): 2.4%, OGTT (-): 1.4%), Polyhydroamniosis (OGTT (+): 4.8%, OGTT (-): 4.1%), Oligohydroamniosis (OGTT (+): 3.3%, OGTT (-): 2.2%), Intrauterine death (OGTT (+): 3.3%, OGTT (-): 2.3%), Preterm labour(OGTT (+): 27.5%, OGTT (-): 23.0%), Posttermlabour (OGTT (+): 72.5%, OGTT (-): 77.0%), Hypothyroidism (OGTT (+) : 0.9%, OGTT (-): 0.0%, Neonatal Hypoglycemia (OGTT (+): 2.8%, OGTT (-): 2.3%), Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia (OGTT (+):% 4.3, OGTT (-): 5.1%, Development of Respiratory Distress Syndrome (OGTT (+): 1.9%, OGTT (-): 2.8%) and Macrosomic infant development rates (OGTT (+) 0.9%, OGTT (-): 2.3%)were similar between two groups. Based on the results of our study, it was found that applying OGTT did not cause any increase in maternal and neonatal risks during pregnancy. Sharing the knowledge that OGTT test does not have a negative side effect will play an important role in the prevention of test rejections in the future. Keywords: OGTT, pregnancy, maternal risk, neonatal risk