آراء أبي يعلى والجويني في الإمامة من خلال كتابيهما: الأحكام السلطانية وغياث الأمم دراسة تحليلية

This research work aims to examine al-Ahkamu's-sultâniyye the book of Abu Ya'la al-Farra (d. 458/1066) and Ghaysu'l-Umam the book of Juvayni (C. 477/1085). For this purpose, the governance (administration) theory which is taking place in these two book, has been studied with comparative analysis method. In addition, the works of some other scholars are also in the scope of our study. Abu Ya'la al-Farra and Juveyni were found on same side in many issues related to the governance. In addition, Juveyni gives more detailed information. He also gives place to the discussions on related issues with his opposing views. The method which has been followed by Juveyni in his book, shows that that he was the first to make the distinction between Absolute (قطعي ( and un certain (ظني) governance (Imamat). He divides the political events of society into two parts: 1.constant issues and these are in small quantity. 2. Others are large in quantity and varying issues which ties with the community affairs. There are no direct verses or hadiths about these issues or there are verses and hadiths but these are not certain about these issues. Abu Ya'la depends on the views of Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal and does not mention the views of other scholars. But Juveyni benefits from the interpretations of different sects. So this method shows us the extent of the dispute between the Shafi'i and Hanbali sects. In the study, it was seen that the main references which shapes the opinion of Abu Ya'la and Juveyni in their ideas on governance are the differences between Hulefâ-yi Râşidîn's approach to governance and their understanding of governing the state in their own times. It was also the part of our work to find that how much these two writers were influenced by the culture and geography of their era. As a result of this study we are able to say that these two works are the products of their own ages.