دفع الاع ر تاضات عل ي ، لأحمد بن يحىي المعروفحاشية الكشاف للتفتازا نبالحفيد )ت. 916 / 1510ً( من أول الكتاب ح ر ي مسألة فواتح السور: دراسة)ًوتحقيقا

This scholarly thesis deals with the study and verification of the book Daf'u al-I'tiradat 'ala Hashiyat al-Kashshāf lil-Taftazānī by Ahmad ibn Yahya, known as al-Hafid (d. 916 AH / 1510 AD), from the beginning of the book to the issue of the openings of the surahs (Fawatih al-Suwar). The book is considered one of the most important linguistic commentaries, in which the author presents responses to the objections of al-Mawla al-Razi, al-Sharif al-Jurjānī, al-Tibi, and others to his grandfather Sa'd al-Taftazānī in his commentary on al-Zamakhsharī's al-Kashshāf. The importance of the book also stems from its inclusion of valuable interpretive and logical opinions, linguistic subtleties, refutations, and justifications that are not found in other commentaries. To verification, two manuscripts in Turkey were relied upon. The study followed the descriptive historical method when researching the personal and scholarly biography of Sa'd al-Taftazānī and his grandson al-Harawi, the author of the book. The study also followed the method of comparison, collation, and commentary in the verified section, by copying the text, comparing its versions, recording the differences in the footnotes, and attributing the texts and statements to their sources. The study led to a set of conclusions, most notably: the vast culture that distinguished the author through the abundance of sources he referred to and his skill in presenting objections, responding to them, reconciling opinions, and making justifications. As well as the author's tendency to favor the opinion of al-Sharif al-Jurjānī in some matters, such as the issue of not considering the Basmalah (the phrase "In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful") as one of the verses of the Qur'an. Likewise, in presenting the statements of his grandfather Sa'd al-Taftazānī, he did not confine himself to his commentary on al-Kashshāf only, but also referred to his other books, such as Sharh al-Maqasid, and chose the most correct opinion from them. He also mentioned the choices of Ibn Hisham in al-Mughni and then mentioned the agreement of al-Radi al-Astrabādī with him. He also supported his choices with what is confirmed by the statements of the scholars among the commentators and linguists such as al-Fadil al-Yamani, al-Jurjānī, al-Tībī, and others. Thus, the book came to be enjoyable, full of content, and an important source in revealing the places of ambiguity and difficulty and responding to the objections contained in the commentary of Sa'd al-Taftazānī in a solid and interesting scientific style.