Pharmaceutical botany studies on Ajuga postii Briq. and Ajuga relicta P.H.Davis (Lamiaceae)

Ajuga postii and Ajuga relicta, which are relict endemic species, have been studied for morphological and anatomical characteristics, molecular-phylogenetic relationships with ribosomal DNA's ITS regions, total quantifications of phenols, flavonoids and flavanols, identification of the phenolic compounds, antioxidant activities and essential oils. For this purpose, taxa were picked on flowering time, were prepared materials for herbarium and anatomical studies. Cross-sections of roots, stems and leaves were prepared with Sartur reagent. Hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, 70% methanol and deodorized water extracts of species were used for quantitations and antioxidant activities. Total phenolic content of the extracts was determined with Folin-Ciocalteu method and the highest total phenolic content was on deodorized water of A. relicta. The chemical composition analyses was made with LC / MS. Potential antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined with β-carotene-linoleic acid system; free radical scavenging effects were determined with DPPH • and ABTS • + methods; the highest values were obtained in 70% methanol extract of A. relicta. Pure unknown substances were determined on chemical compositions of essential oils. The current population statuses of the species were described with IUCN categories.