Evaluation of Erasmus Plus projects for migrants in Mediterranean countries in the focus of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory

Throughout history, the Mediterranean basin has been a region where the phenomenon of immigration has been experienced quite intensely in terms of all components. Erasmus Program, on the other hand, is one of the flagship programs of the EU, which aims to develop the basic values of the European Union and the existential characteristics of human beings. Abraham Maslow's Need Theory is one of the first motivation theories and many theories take place as criticism of this theory. This study deals with the interaction of these three components. The aim of the study is to evaluate immigrant-oriented Erasmus projects coordinated by Mediterranean countries in the context of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. The universe of the study consists of all Erasmus Plus projects made in 2014-2020, and Erasmus Plus projects coordinated by Mediterranean countries were selected by the researcher from this universe within the limitation of all project titles and summaries. With the measurement tool developed by the researcher, the need for the projects selected within the scope of the sample and the relationship between the needs were examined. As a result of the analysis, among all Erasmus+ projects (n=155112), there are 6313 immigrant-oriented projects conducted under the coordination of Mediterranean countries. The countries with the highest number of immigrant-focused projects are Spain, Italy, France, Turkey, and Greece, respectively. It has been determined that the projects for immigrants are aimed at belonging, security, respect, self-actualization and physiological needs, respectively.