Evaluation of color stability and surface roughiness of composite resin produced with smart chromatic technology

In this study, it is aimed to examine the roughness and color changes in in-vitro conditions by keeping a new composite resin produced with smart chromatic technology in different solutions. In the study, three composite resin materials were used; Omnichroma (Tokuyama Dental Corporation, Tokyo Japan), Zenit (President Dental, München, Germany) and Harmonize (Kerr Corporation, Orange CA, USA). According to the solutions (distilled water, coffee, cola, orange juice) in which they are kept in composite resin groups, a total of 120 composite disks with a total of 120, 2x6 mm dimensions were prepared for each solution. The initial color (Minolta CR-321, Osaka, Japan) and roughness (Perthometer M2, Mahr, Germany) were measured. After the first measurements, 4 different (distilled water, coffee, cola and orange juice) groups were left to stand. Samples were kept in the etuve at 37 C for 7 days and solutions were renewed every other day. Color and roughness measurements were repeated and values were recorded. The normality test of numerical variables was checked with the Kolmogorov Smirnov and Shapiro-Wilk test tests. Statistical analyzes were made with the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows (Version 20.0) program and the significance level was considered as 0.05 (p) in statistical analysis. Considering the coloring solutions used, the differences between the median belonging to the Harmonized, Omnichroma and Zenit groups were not statistically significant when evaluating the pre-treatment roughness of each composite filling material (p = 0.738, p = 0.996 and p = 0.940, respectively). When the composite materials and coloring solutions were evaluated in terms of roughness before and after the process, the difference values of the harmonized material between the roughness median after coffee were found statistically significant (p = 0.024). It was vi observed that the difference values between the roughness medians of the Omnichroma material kept in the cola were statistically significant (p = 0.021) and thus the roughness increased. As a result, although the least surface roughness among the composite groups was found in the Zenit composite resin in nanoseramic structure, the highest surface roughness was observed in Harmonize which is a nanohybrid composite resin. When the color changes of composites compared to the coloring solutions were compared, the differences between the color change (ΔE) medians compared to the coloring solutions were found statistically significant (p <0.001 for all). When the white color change value of Omnichroma composite resin material produced with smart chromatic technology compared to composite filling materials, the differences between the median were not statistically significant (p = 0.350). As a result, when the results of the composite resin materials used were examined, Omnichroma showed acceptable values in terms of color stability and roughness. For this reason, it was concluded that it could be an alternative option to other aesthetic composite resins clinically. Keywords: Aesthetic restorative materials, color change, smart chromatic composite, spherical filler, surface roughness.