Arab literature in German and Italian orientalism -The example of Carl Brockelmann and Carlo Alfonso Nallino-

In this study, in which we discuss the impact and contribution of orientalism on Arabic literature with a special focus on the two names, we first talked about the nature of orientalism in general. In this context, we drew attention to the meaning, history, goals and tools of orientalism according to Eastern and Western thinkers. In addition to German and Italian orientalism, we have also included the English, French, Spanish and American schools and their prominent representatives and their works. Afterwards, the characteristics, research fields and tools of German orientalism were presented, Carl Brockelmann's life, studies and works were mentioned, and his rare work in the field of Arabic literature, "Tārīhu al-Adebi al-'Arabī", was analyzed in detail. It has been seen that the author mostly attributed importance to the poetry of the Jahiliyyah and stated that Islam negatively affected literature and did not even contribute to it. Instead of considering the years of the Prophethood and the Khulafa-yi Rashidîn as a separate period, he saw them as a continuation of the Jahiliyyah period. Italian Orientalism and its leading representative Carlo Alfonso Nallino were also discussed in this study, and his work "Târîhu'l-Âdâbi'l-'Arabiyya" was analyzed in detail. It is seen that, instead of various authentic sources, Nallino made use of the work of Abū al-Faraj al-Isfahānī (d. 356/967), who was not considered "reliable" in the literature of tabāqat and rical literature, al-Aġānī (d. 356/967), who wrote al-Aġānī to introduce the singers and composers living in the Umayyad and Abbasid periods.