Black Sea policy of Germany: Political, economic, military

Germany completed its union in 1871 and became a geopolitical power with its rapidly rising industry. Since the colonial division was completed mainly in those years, Germany turned to the East and tried to have the riches of the Middle East and the Black Sea. Having been defeated in the First and Second World Wars, Germany gave up its claim to be geopolitical power. It turned into a civilian power under the security umbrella of the USA and NATO. This situation has enabled its economic development without defense expenditures and being the locomotive of the economic and political integration of Europe. Germany started "Eastern Policy (Ostpolitik)" during the Cold War period, which enabled uniting two Germanys and getting through the turbulent period after the Cold War. Germany, also known as a trading state and a geoeconomic power, allows its own companies to enter the markets and improve the business conditions in the Black Sea region. Besides that, it strengthens international norms, sustainable development, democracy, environment, cultural relations, education policy etc., within the framework of the European Union and NATO or by itself. It wants to contribute and make change by supporting the states surrounding the Black Sea, which are not close neighbors. Germany, which has kept its friendship with Russia to ensure its economic prosperity, especially for the last two decades, ignored Russia's geopolitical ambitions and desires, antidemocratic behavior and human rights violations. In the study, Germany's policies towards the Black Sea from the past to the present are examined from geopolitical, geoeconomic and geocultural perspectives and its economic, political and military policy towards the region is determined.