Comparison of pollen, fruit and seed morphology of some grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars cultivated in Anatolia

The grape is one of the first domesticated species in human history. From the first cultivation to the present day, its cultivation continues with an increasing interest. Due to the geographical, socioeconomic and cultural differences around the world, the consumption patterns of grapes have also diversified. In addition to having a cosmopolitan distribution, the increase in consumption diversity has led to the production of different vine varieties. Nowadays, many methods, especially morphological methods, are used for the recognition of the numerous grapevine varieties available. In this study, pollen, seed and fruit morphology of Öküzgözü, Narince, Syrah, Boğazkere, Kalecik Karası, Viognier, Malbec, Sauvignon Blanch cultivars grown in Toklümen village vineyards of Kırşehir province were analysed in detail. In addition to the measurements of quantitative characters by stereo and light microscopy, qualitative characters such as surface ornaments were also determined using electron microscopy. As a result of the study, it was determined that the pollen, seed and fruit structures of the studied varieties differed according to the varieties. It is thought that these differences are caused by the genetic characteristics of the varieties as well as environmental factors.