Cultural changeover of Anatolia: Religious, ethnic and sociocultural results of Mongol invasion (13th - 14th century)

Comparing with the other parts of the world, Anatolia was effected by mongolian invasion which was the widest invasion ever seen in world, the main effects were seen at Anatolia and these effects were in many fields not only political side. The effects which Anatolia faced after the domination of Mongolians has became the reason of changes at socialculturel, religious and ethnic. The mongolian effects were experienced at govermental agency, administrative, legal, financial and military areas an the effects were seen mainly and Cengiz law, taxes, and military degrees. The other effects were changes at demographics. As a result of immigration, the population of Turks at Anatolia were increased and the Mongolian tribes which were placed at Anatolia became Turkish. This two races which were similar to each other get together and effected from each other. The stituation which was changed in benefit of Turks, Turksish language became more important. Because of invasion, The Turkmens which have immigrated to west Anatolia attached importance to Turkish language. In addition to this, words were imported from Mongolian to Turkish language and many place names which are in Mongolian is the result of these effects. Religious effects were the main field and comparing with other fields, more changes were observed. Because of the immigrations effects, there has been new sufism structures and this new sufism structures bring fundamental changes of the idea and sense of islamic sufism. The sense of Islam which was partly based on books and medrese education has changed under the effects of sheikhs and dervishs which were escaped from Mongolian persecution. These people were having a point of view which was based on heterodox and accommodationist religion philosophy and which brings to increase common ideas. In addition to these they were still saving residues of their old religion Shaman. This situation was liked by Mongolian tribes became a reason for their partly conversion and because of this reason sufism based ideas became effective in all Anatolia.