Analysis, applications, and a novel design of double negative metamaterials

Double negative metamaterials are composite materials in which both the permittivity and the permeability are simultaneously negative over a certain frequency band and constructed artificially. They are designed to show specific and unfamiliar electromagnetic features not commonly found in nature. Also, their physical features are different from the conventional materials. Due to these unique physical features, double negative metamaterials attracted a great amount of attention in recent years. In this thesis, the properties and potential applications of double negative metamaterials are explored. In addition, some tools are presented to realize new types of metamaterials in the microwave frequency range.First, the fundamental electromagnetic properties of double negative metamaterials are investigated. The plane wave in double negative medium, left-handed systems, the extraordinary features of double negative metamaterials, and negative refraction are given in detail. Second, the characterization and realization ofdouble negative metamaterials are studied to form a base about how they can be created and generated. In this manner, the analytical (hypothetical, Lorentz, Drude, and cold plasma media) and physical models are analyzed. Then, electromagnetic wave propagation in the presence of double negative metamaterial is studied. Normal and oblique incidence cases for the planar boundaries of two semi infinite media containing conventional dielectric medium and double negative metamaterial are examined. Both the theoretical and numerical results are given. Next, the slab of double negative metamaterial sandwiched between two different semi-infinite dielectric media is studied. Additionally, some simulations are illustrated for the application purpose of perfect lens and parabolic wave refractor. After that, double negative metamaterials are used to design and analyze several types of stratified structures. Mirrors, high reflection coatings, distributed Bragg reflector, stratified cold plasma stacks, and the combination of multilayer cold plasma, Lorentz, and Drude layers with conventional dielectric slabs are created in order and their scattering characteristics are shown. The advantageous of the stratified structures containing double negative metamaterials versus the conventional multilayer structures are also discussed. High reflection and transmission coatings; band pass, stop band, reflection, transmission, multi band-pass, multi saw-comb, oscillating, and multi notch filters characteristics at some frequency regions are obtained in the numerical investigation. These results can be used to generate new devices and equipments such as reflectors, coatings, and filters with high efficiency. At last, new types of metamaterials that exhibit negative refraction properties at the microwave frequency range are designed. This novel metamaterials are constructed using triangular split ring resonator and wire strip. Three new metamaterials comprised of triangular split ring resonator and wire strip are created and simulated. After designing and creating processes, novel metamaterial slabs are manufactured using hot-press technique. Then, some transmission experiments are provided to observe the characteristics of these novel metamaterials experimentally. These new materials can be used for several potential applications of double negative metamaterials in the microwave, millimeter wave and optical regimes.