The evaluation of locations and frequencies of infections seen in anaesthesia intensive care unit

Because of their high mortality and morbidity and economical losses, Hospital Infections (HE) become a serious health problem worldwide. This study was planned in order to research the frequency and themselves of the infections which were seen in patients who were treated in intensive care unit of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department of Fırat University Hospital between January 2009 and December 2011. The daily physical examination and laboratory results of patients were recorded. Cultures (blood, endotracheal aspirate, wound, urine) were taken from inpatients weekly. The results of cultures were evaluated with physical examination, laboratory and imaging methods. Within the scope of study; 874 patients who were older than 18 years, who stayed in hospital for more than 48 hours, and who had no infection as a result of physical examination, culture and laboratory results were incorporated in study. While infection was detected in 370 patients incorporating in study, no infection was detected in 504 patients. The most frequently seen infection is ventilator-related pneumonia with rate of 20.8%, and the least frequently seen infection is blood circulation infection with rate of 0.3%. Except them, the detected infections are catheter-related blood circulation infection (6.6%), catheter-related urinary system infection (11.8%), and surgery region infection (2.7%). 53.2% of patients were male and 46.8% of patients were female. The mean age of group with infection was 62.3 years, the mean age of group with no infection was 59.8 (p<0.05). The mean intensive care hospitalization duration of group with infection was 29.8 days, the mean duration in intubated position was 11.1 days, the mean duration in position with tracheostomy was 18.4 days, mean mechanic ventilation duration was 25.1 days, while those durations were 6.1- 4.4- 0.7- 4.7 days for group with no infection, respectively. it was seen that the infection detection rates increased significantly as duration of hospitalization in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) became longer (p<0.001). As a result; we came to a conclusion that hospital infection can be decreased by conducting surveillance studies and multi-disciplinary approach in accordance with results. Keywords: Intensive care unit, nosocomial infection, surveillance