The relationship between pan immune-inflammation value (PIID) and disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis

Spondyloarthropathies or spondyloarthritis (SpA) are defined as a group of diseases that includes ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), reactive arthritis (ReA), enteropathic arthritis and undifferentiated spondyloarthritis. In AS, which is the prototype of this group, axial involvement usually presents with inflammatory low back pain. There are many parameters in the process of monitoring disease activity in AS. As far as we know, no study of the Pan Immune-inflammation value (PIID) has been performed on AS. The aim of the study is to examine its role in predicting the relationship between PIID and AS disease activity. Our study was composed of retrospective screening of patients diagnosed with Ankylosing Spondylitis according to the modified New York diagnostic criteria, followed in the Rheumatology polyclinics of the Ministry of Health, Adıyaman University Training and Research Hospital, between January 03, 2022 and September 20, 2022. The number of people to be sampled was calculated as at least 48 people. Drug history (NSAID, Conventional DMARD and Biological DMARD, Anti IL17 use), diagnosis period of the disease (months), information about the HLA-B27 genetic result, smoking status will be recorded in the from AS patients. Data on age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), erythrocyte sedimentation levels (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP),AST, ALT, urea, creatinine and complete blood count components from the AS patient group, Retrospective scanning from the hospital electronic system, It was planned to record The Platelet (PLT), Hemoglobin (Hgb), Distribution Width by Size of Erythrocytes (RDW), Mean Platelet Volume (MPV), absolute neutrophil count, absolute lymphocyte count, absolute monocyte count, platelet count, MLR obtained by monocyte/lymphocyte ratio, PLR obtained by platelet/lymphocyte ratio, NLR obtained by neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII) obtained by neutrophil × platelet/lymphocyte ratio, PIID obtained by Neutrophil x platelet x Monocyte / lymphocyte ratio. A total of 64 patients, 22 (34.4%) female and 42 (65.6%) male, were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 36.8±7.6 (min=20-max=50) years, and the mean BMI was 26.8±4.7 kg/m2. While 38 (59.4%) of the patients were active in terms of BASDAI, 26 (40.6%) were inactive. The mean BASDAI score of the patients was 4.6±2.2 (min=0.2-max=9.2). There was a significant positive correlation between BASDAI score and CRP, ASDAS CRP, platelet, PLR, SII, RDW and PIID values. The ASDAS CRP xv (p<0.001), thrombocyte (p=0.005), PLR (p<0.001), SII (p=0.001) and PIID (p=0.047) values of the active In terms of BASDAI were significantly higher than the values of the inactive ones; The Hgb value (p=0.010) was found to be significantly lower. There was a significant positive correlation between PIID and CRP, sedimentation, ASDAS-CRP, neutrophils, platelets, monocytes, NLR, PLR, MLR and SII. As far as we know, There is no study in the literature to show the relationship between AS disease and PIID. However, in our study, it was observed that PIID was associated with other parameters used in AS. This makes us think that PIID may be useful in showing disease activity in AS patients. Keywords: Spondyloarthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Pan immune-inflammation value