Evaluation the infant of gestational diabetic mother

Introduction: Diabetes is spreading all over the world and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has become common pregnancy complication with increased maternal and perinatal morbidity. We aimed to determine the prevalence and risk of morbidity and mortality among infants of gestational diabetic mother and examine the risk factors. Material and Method: To evaluate the maternal effects of gestational diabetes mellitus and impact on neonatal health, a retrospective study was conducted in the department of neonatology at Abant Izzet Baysal University Faculty of Medicine, over a period of fouryear from January 2010 to January 2014. We analyzed 61 infants of pregnant women with GDM as study group and as control group 50 infants of pregnant women without GDM, who have been diagnosed as postnatal hypoglycemia. Maternal characteristics and perinatal outcomes were compared according to hospital records. Results: In study group maternal age and gravity, maternal HbA1C levels and existence of concomitant disease were found higher than control group. Macrosomi was present in % 11.7 in patient group and birth weight was higher than control group. Congenital malformations (% 6), echocardiographic abnormalities (% 13.3) and respiratory distress (% 27) were more common in study group. Both groups showed similar results about the other complications (birth injury, neonatal sepsis, jaundice, polycycthemia and thrombocytopenia). Except hypoglycemia jaundice was the most frequent complication in all study. Conclusion: The early diagnosis of GDM is crucial for both mother and newborn. Complications can be prevented with appropriate obstetric follow-up of GDM patients and efficient neonatal care in infants of diabetic mothers. Early identification of gestational diabetes, control of hyperglycemia, identifying risk factors and close neonatal follow-up in intensive care unit may reduce the morbidity and mortality. Key Words: Gestational diabetes mellitus, infant of diabetic mother, newborn.