Postpartum growth, development and urine tract infection assessment of infants with antenatal hydronephrosis

Antenatal hydronephrosis (ANH) is the most common genitourinary system anomaly detected in the prenatal evaluation performed by ultrasonography (USG). Although the most common genitourinary system anomaly is ANH, there is no consensus about the information about the examination and follow-up of these patients in the postpartum period. In this study, the postnatal follow-up of the cases diagnosed during the antenatal period were retrospectively analyzed. The study group consists of retrospective follow-up of 28 patients diagnosed with Antenatal Hydronephrosis between November 2019 and November 2020 in Yozgat Bozok University Pediatrics outpatient clinics. A total of 28 patients with hydronephrosis detected by USG during antenatal period were included in our study. Nine of the patients (9/28, 32.1%) were female and 19 (19/28, 67.9%) were male. Unilateral hydronephrosis in 14 (14/28, 50%) of the patients in the first postanatal USG, bilateral hydronephrosis in 10 (10/28, 35.7%) and 4 (4/28, 14.3%) was seen as normal. In the first postnatal USG of the patients followed during the thesis study, 20 patients (20/28, 71.4%) had mild hydronephrosis, 4 (4/28, 14.3%) had severe hydronephrosis, and 4 (4/28) patients. 14.3%) was normal. While unilateral hydronephrosis was observed in 8 (8/13, 61.5%) of 13 patients who were followed up for a year, it was observed that hydronephrosis of 5 patients disappeared. Mild hydronephrosis in 2 (2/13, 15.3%) patients who completed one-year, moderate hydronephrosis in 1 (1/13, 7.7%), 5 (5/13, 38.5%)) severe hydronephrosis and 5 (5/13, 38.5%) were normal. Antibiotic prophylaxis was given to 9 (9/28, 32.1%) of the patients in our study. 88.8% of the patients were patients with stage 3 hydronephrosis. In 2 of the patients receiving prophylaxis, VUR (stage 2 and 3); UP junction stenosis was detected in 2 of them. Increasing UTIs positive with increasing degree of hydronephrosis was observed in a linear relationship and was interpreted as clinically significant. It was found that the growth and development of cases with hydronephrosis in the antenatal period and continuing hydronephrosis at varying degrees during the postnatal period were found to be retarded compared to the growth curve reference values, and this was found to be statistically significant. As a result, it has been determined that the continuation of hydronephrosis detected in the prenatal period in the postnatal period affects growth and development, nutritional status and that hydronephrosis, which does not regress, has a significant relationship with UTIs, and that these factors together have negative effects on nutrition, growth and development.