The predictive value of hematological parameters in aortic dissection

Introduction and Objective: Aortic dissection is the most dramatic and fatal of life-threatening situations. The clinic of aortic dissection occurs very suddenly, and if the correct diagnosis and treatment are not made, it is fatal with a very rapid deterioration in the general condition. The aim of this study is to evaluate the hematological parameters of patients diagnosed with aortic dissection retrospectively and to encourage physicians to be allert in terms of dissection and to help them prioritize this diagnosis. Materials and Methodology: In this retrospective study, she applied to the emergency department of Tokat Gaziosman Paşa University Hospital between July 2011 and July 2021 and was diagnosed with aortic dissection and 80 patients who met the criteria for inclusion in the study were included. The hemogram parameters and image recordings of the patients were accessed through the hospital Enlil HBYS system and the data were recorded in the patient sociodemographic data collection form. Statistical analyzes were made in IBM SPSS Statistics Version 22 package program. Mean ± standard deviation, perc entile distributions, dependent sample t-test, chi-square test and ANOVA test were used to evaluate the data. p <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Findings: A total of 80 patients, 53 male (%66,3) and 27 female(%33,8), diagnosed with aortic dissection were included in the study. The mean age was 58.80 years. A significant levels decrease in HGB, LEN and EO values, a significant levels increase in WBC, NEU and MONO values were detected in the statistical analysis of hematological parameters of patients (p<0,05). The cases were mostly seen in the spring (%31,3) and summer (%28,8) seasons. It was found that 28.8% of the patients did not have any additional disease, 25% of them had HT, 10% had AHD, 1.3% had DM and 1.3% had COPD. Dissection had developed acutely in 57 (%71,3) of the patients. Complications did not develop in 53 (%66,3) of the cases, and cardiac arrest developed in 10 (%12,5) of them. Of the patients diagnosed with aortic dissection, 30 (%37,5) were in hospitalized, 28 (%35) were discharged, 11 (%13,8) were referred, and 9 (%11,3) died. Result: The findings obtained from the study showed that predictive changes in hematological parameters may play a role in favor of aortic dissection. It can help emergency department physicians to prioritize the diagnosis of aortic dissection by comparing the patient's hemogram parameters at the emergency admission with the previous hemogram parameters. Key Words: Emergency department, aortic dissection, hematological parameters