From Archaic to Late Roman period Amisos

In this study, the indigenous peoples who lived on the northern shores of the Black Sea were discussed with the main lines and their social-political lives were mentioned, and then the pre-Greek colonization movements in the region were emphasized. Miletos colonization movements, which started and continued the colonization movements in the region and were encountered intensively, were examined. The origin of the name Pontos and Amisos was investigated and the geographical structure of the region was examined. Looking before the Greek colonies of the city of Amisos, the colonization of the city by the colonists from Miletus in the 6th century BC, its expansion and the positioning of the city's settlement area in a different location over time have been supported by archaeological data. With the evaluations made about the pre-colonial people of Amisos, it has been determined that the city did not suddenly appear under the name of Amisos. The establishment stages of the city were evaluated by the colonists of Miletos. Attica-produced black line ceramic pieces recovered during the excavations of the Çakalca-Karadogan Mound, a settlement of Amisos in the Archaic Period associated with colonization, were processed as a catalog. In the study, the subject was tried to be reinforced by including a different ceramic piece produced in Attica. Around 600 BC, when the first foundations of the city were laid, Amisos entered the urbanization process by the colonists from Miletos. It has been deduced that the second foundations of the city, which was located in the settlement area of Çakalca-Karadoğan Tumulus for about two centuries, were placed in and around Toraman Hill, approximately 16 km east of it. The presence of architectural remains, burial structures and finds from the Archaic Period to the Byzantine Period of the city allowed us to make this inference. Having reached the position of an important trade center in the Pontos Region, the political structure of Amisos in the Hellenistic Period, that is, during the Mithradates Kingdom, has been revealed. The focus is on the political and social structure of the city in the Roman Imperial Period and the Byzantine Period. In addition, during these periods, various inferences were made about the necropolis of the city and the area of distribution of the necropolis, the structures of the tombs, the types of tombs and the burial tradition of the city. In addition, various inferences were made about the burial structures, types and the burial tradition of the city by referring to the necropolis, which was an important unit of the city, and the spreading area of the necropolis during these periods.