The detailed determinations of phenolic antioxidants in aronia (Aronia melanocarpa sp.viking) berry fruit based tea and nutraceutical products: the investigation of the usability as antiproliferative and anticarcinogenic food supplements

Within the scope of this thesis research, aronya powder, aronya tea and specially developed nutraceutical pharmaceutical aronya syrup were produced as health products of Turkish aronia fruit (Aronia melanocarpa sp.Viking). Their antioxidant activity, antioxidant phenolic profiles, HPLC (High Pressure Liquid Chromatography) profiles and Q-TOFF-MS (Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry) profiles of major active bioactives were determined. Antiproliferative and anticarcinogenic effects on selected cancer cell lines (SKBR-2 breast cell lines) have been identified. With analytical determinations, it has been determined phenolic acids, gallic acid, epigallocatechin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, hydroxycinnamic acid, neochlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, siringic acid, caftaric acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, t-sinapic acid as flavanols (catechins); utin (quercetin-3-glycoside), kaempferol-3-rutinoside, quercitrin (quercetin-O-glycoside), quercetin, astragalin (kaempferol-O-glycoside), kaempferol as flavonols and their glycosides. It has been identified the major phenolic substances are chlorogenic acid (ChA) and 321,56 mg/100g; 493,20 mg/100g, ; 202,38 mg/100g in aronia berry, aronia powder, and nutraceutical formula syrup SPAF (p< 0,05). Chlorogenic acid (ChA) was found major phenolic matter in 3/5/10/15 min brewed aronia teas that were determined as 90,28 mg/100g, 95,63 mg/100g, 188,42 mg/100 g, and 195,33 mg/100g, respectively and it has been provided strong antioxidative property (p< 0,05). It has been detected quercetin as major flavonol and 634,57 mg/100g; 542,80 mg/100g; 620,25 mg/100g in aronia berry, aronia powder, and nutraceutical formula syrup SPAF (p< 0,05). Quercetin (QE) was found major flavonol in 3/5/10/15 min brewed aronia teas that were determined as 307,20 mg/100g; 328,96 mg/100g; 380,56 mg/100g; and 387,25 mg/100g, respectively (p< 0,05). It has been predicted that quercetin provided strong antioxitive stability to above mentioned products due to it has extremely powerful antioxidant (p< 0,05). It was determined that quercetin and chlorogenic acid inhibited the proliferation of SKBR-3 breast cancer cells as a result of their 5-100 μM concentration through 48 hours incubation. It is seen that the 100 μM quercetin decreases SKBR-3 cells to 56.25% level and inhibits the cell proliferation at the level of 43.75%. Subsequently, it was found that chlorogenic acid diminished SKBR-3 proliferation to 62.5% level and inhibited the SKBR-3 cell proliferation at the level of 37.50%. It is seen that catechin bioactive reduces SKBR-3 cells to 65.66% and inhibits the cell proliferation by 34.34% even at only 10 μM concentration (p <0.05). Overall data including chromatographic, chemical and cytological reveal that chlorogenic acid, quercetin and catechin which are major polyphenolic substances are highly effective antocarcinogenic agents. Besides, it has been predicted that our developed aronia products can be used as food supplements in the field of health as innovative antioxidative and antiproliferative product. Anahtar Kelimeler Aronya, Aronia melanocarpa, Antioxidant, breast CA, SKBR-3, phenolic, Q-TOFF-MS 2019, 157 page.