Music and rhythm studies of Artvin Hemşin horons

This study examines the cultural structures of different ethnic groups living together in Artvin province and how these structures are reflected in music and folk dances. The cultural diversity shaped by the Laz, Hemşin, Georgian, Ahıska, and Poşa communities has directly influenced local musical traditions and dance figures. By evaluating written sources, fieldwork, and interviews with local performers, Artvin's musical culture has been analyzed in a multidimensional way. The findings of the research reveal that Artvin's musical identity is built upon instruments such as the davul (drum), zurna, tulum (bagpipe), kaval (shepherd's flute), and accordion. The playing techniques, tonal preferences, and rhythmic patterns of these instruments demonstrate how Artvin has developed a unique identity through interaction with other Black Sea and Eastern Anatolian cultures. Particularly, the local variations of the zurna and kaval stand out as important indicators reflecting the cultural fabric of the region. From the perspective of folk dances, the bar and horon types are prominent. While Artvin's bars highlight collective harmony with heavy steps influenced by Erzurum and Ardahan traditions, horons combine the energetic figures of the coastal areas with the slower steps of the interior regions, forming an authentic structure. Hemşin horons, in particular, are remarkable; beginning with a calm rhythm that quickly accelerates, they simultaneously display collective unity and individual agility, presenting a strong reflection of cultural diversity. Furthermore, the study concludes that Artvin's musical culture is not merely an element of entertainment, but also a vital factor in strengthening social cohesion, transmitting cultural identity, and preserving cultural heritage. These traditions are kept alive through festivals, weddings, and highland festivities, which serve as key instruments of cultural sustainability and intergenerational transmission. In conclusion, the musical culture and folk dances of Artvin represent a rich cultural mosaic shaped by the coexistence of diverse ethnic groups. This diversity not only makes Artvin a significant cultural center at the regional level, but also elevates its importance on a national scale. Through its music and dances, Artvin plays a critical role in sustaining cultural heritage and ensuring its transmission to future generations. Keywords: Artvin, Culture, Music, Hemşin Horonu