Some physiological effects created by asa application as response to salt effect at the bean (phaseolus vulgaris L.) shoots and analyses of biochemical relations of this effects

ABSTRACT PhD Thesis SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS CREATED BY ASA APPLICATION AS RESPONSE TO SALT EFFECT AT THE BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) SHOOTS AND ANALYSES OF BIOCHEMICAL RELATIONS OF THIS EFFECTS Songül Çanakçı Fırat University Natural and Applied Sciences Institution Department of Biology 2001, Page: 80 The aims of this were to investigate the interactive effects of 50 ppm acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and 1 % NaCI on amount of protein and pigment, changes of total and wet-dry weight, transpiration velocity at shoots taken from one week old bean (JPhaseolus vulgaris L.) seedlings; Interactive effects of 50 ppm acetylsalicylic acid and 1 % NaCI solution on weight change, amounts of pigment, protein, cytokinin and abscisic acid (ABA) was also tried to be determined at the 2 cm diameter discs taken from primary leaves of öne month old seedlings of the same species. Total protein amounts of shoots and discs have been determined by using Lowry (1951) method. For determination of endogen cytokinin at the discs, a modified form of specific cotyledone expanding test was used, Letham (1971). Especially, amount of endogen ABA was tried to be determined quantitatively, and HPCL method was used for this purpose. According to the experimental results; generally, transpiration velocity at shoots treated with 50 ppm ASA was found lower man,only control (buffer) group shoots, transpiration velocity at shoots treated with 50 ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI was found to belower Ihan that of shoots treated with 50 ppm ASA and 1 % NaCI.This antitranspirant characteristic of ASA has prolonged life duration of shoots. From the wet weight point of view, no difference was, statistically, observed between 50 ppm ASA treated and control (buffer) group shoots. However wet weight lost of shoots treated with 50 ppm ASA+ 1 % NaCI was found lower than that of 1 % NaCI treated ones. Wet weight of shoots treated with 50 ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI was lower than shoots treated with only 50 ppm ASA. This result is due to water contents ofVI tissues. Because of water contents at shoots that subjected to salt stress was lower than ASA treated shoots; ASA application has decreased dry subtance amount as percent Water contents of control (buffer), 50 ppm ASA, 50 ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI and 1 % NaCI groups were observed from higher to lower sequentielly. Wet weight increase at 50 ppm ASA treated discs was found to be more than control group discs. For 50ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI treated discs it has been less than control group discs. Meanwhile, wet weight of discs treated with 50 ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI group was less than control. There were not found any significant differences in the wet weight 50 ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI and 1 % NaCI. Pigment contents was found to be effected in both shoots and discs treated with 50 ppm ASA. Total pigment II and chlorophyll b levels were found as 50 ppm ASA > control > 50 ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI > 1 % NaCI treated shoot groups. There was no any significant differences in total pigment I and chlorophyll a content between control and 50 ppm ASA treated shoots. It was also found to be the same between other two groups that have been subjected to salt stress. However, chlorophyll a and total pigment I levels in salt stressed shoots were lower than shoots which has not been subjected to salt stress. This means that chlorophyll a and total pigment I level was decreased in salt stressed group but no change in ASA applied group. Carotenoid amount of Control shoots was higher than that of the other three group. There, wasn't any difference statistically in carotenoid amounts between other three groups. The data of pigment analyses presented here showed that the chlorophyll a level in discs treated with 50 ppm ASA was higher man that of control group. Meanwhile, the level of chlorophyll b was found to be higher in discs treated with 50 ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI than 1 % NaCI treated group. There was no any significant differences in chlorophyll b, total pigment I and II levels between 50 ppm ASA and control group of discs. This similarity was also found for chlorophyll a and total pigment I and II level between 50 ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI and 1 % NaCI treated discs. The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total pigment I and II levels were found higherin discs of control and 50 ppm ASA than 50 ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI and 1 % NaCI groups. However, there was no any significant differences for carotenoid amount between control and expermental groups. For total protein at shoots no difference was statistically determined between Control and 50 ppm ASA treated groups. But total protein amount of shoots treated with 50 ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI was found higher than that of shoots treated with only 1 % NaCI. There was significant differences in protein content of all four discs groups. The protein level was found to be as 50 ppm ASA > control > 50 ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI > 1 %NaCI sequentially. Hormonal analyses results of discs have shown that, cytokinin contents of 50 ppm ASA treated discs are higher than that of control group. Meanwhile cytokinin content of control group discs were found higher than 50 ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI solution treated discs. But there was no any significant differences between the 50 ppm ASA + 1 % NaCI and 1 % NaCI treated discs groups. ABA contents of discs have shown great differences depending upon the treatment. Endogen ABA amount of control discs was found to be higher i^mM^»^^vıı Ihan 50 ppm ASA treated discs; ABA contents of 1 % NaCI treated discs was determined higher than 50 ppm ASA +1 % NaCI treated discs. As a result, acetylsalicylic acid has decreased transpiration at bean shoots because of its antitiranspirant characteristic. Opposite to the osmotic effect created by salt ASA application inhibited wet weight lost at shoots and discs, collapsing of chlorophyll b and total pigment II at shoots, and collapsing of chlorophyll b at discs to certain ratios. It hasn't affected carotenoid amount at an important level. But it has decreased protein collapsing at shoots and discs created by stress. ASA has also inhibited cytokinin collapsing at discs comperativelly. It has considerably, decreased endogen ABA that increasing depending on especially salt stress. With these hormonal effects, it has prolonged tissue being alive time ( freshness ). Key Words: Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA: Aspirin), PhaseoJus vulgaris, Cutting, Tissue culture, Plant hormones, Sodium chloride (NaCI), Protein.