Urban transformation of military lands: The Istanbul example

In this study, on the basis of Turkey's urban transformation is focused on the use of military land. The theories used in this context are explained. Urban transformation of military areas, which have become an important tool of the capitalist process, is emphasized. For this reason, the relationality between theories is explained through military lands by making use of Neo-Classical and Marxist approaches. The privatization of the military areas and the decisions and actions of the state that provided this privatization are conveyed. In this context, the economic, social and spatial processes of the city are mentioned. In Turkey, periodically, the 2000s, when military areas began to be used rapidly for urban transformation, and after July 15 2016 are looked at. From this point of view, the relevant laws are examined, and the effects of the frequent changes in these laws on the transformation of military areas are emphasized. Definition of military areas, one of the last remaining residential depots of urban transformation, is made. Military factors affecting the existence of areas in cities are explained. Privatization of military areas for urban transformation purposes; economic, social, spatial and demographic terms are examined through some case studies in Turkey. It is examined how capitalism uses military lands to find solutions to the crises it has been created by himself and how it causes spatial, economic and social segregation. The effect of urban transformation in Turkey on the Istanbul Macroform since the Tanzimat period is highlighted. In this process, it is conveyed how different perceptions of extraordinaryness, which are created periodically, affect urban production by using military areas and are subject to sale for rent. From this point of view, it is shown that value increases were created around military areas, and then their qualities were changed by passing them from public good to private good. From this point of view, it is shown that value increases were created around military areas in the city, and then their qualities were changed by passing them from public ownership to private ownership. The results of the privatization of military areas in the Istanbul metropolitan area are explained through two cases and the judicial processes of two them are examined. The lands of the Istanbul metropolitan area macroform have been consumed so much that it is depicted that it is the turn of the military areas in the city. In this process, it is emphasized how different extraordinary situations such as the periodically created earthquake threat or the security of the city are used for the purpose of rent. The results of the privatization of military areas in Istanbul are shown through case studies from yesterday to today, and the relation between privatization of military areas and urban gentrification is discussing. It is stated that due to the scarcity of the city lands, the military areas are used to generate rent, and the areas are turned into a solution for the excessive accumulation environment. It is emphasized that the state plays an active role in this formation. The high cost of evacuating military areas belonging to the whole community for public interest is mentioned. As a result, What needs to be done in a way that covers the whole of society and respects the right to the city is put forward. Whether the military areas are determinant in the transformation of a humane habitable city is being mentioned. Whether this transformation will create an opportunity or a defeat for the city is put forward. What needs to be done for this is explained. Keywords: Value, Rent, Public Ownership, Public Interest, Public Good, Privite Good, Public and Privite Place, The Right to The City, Privatization, Military Areas.