Assessment of urine β2 micro globulin, serum atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and other biochemical parameters in patients with thalassemia in Iraqi peoples

This study was conducted on children and teenagers with β-thalassemia major disease to investigate the association of this disease with the systemic iron overload, the renal function, and liver function. In this regard, 65 thalassemic patients were controlled with 65 healthy controls for statistical comparison in the results. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), urea, creatinine, iron, ferritin, hepcidin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase were measured with β2 microglobulin (β2MG) in the urine (ALP). The findings have demonstrated considerable rise in the urine β2MG in thalassemic patients compared to control. Also, compared to healthy controls, thalassemic individuals had higher blood levels of urea, creatinine, iron, hepcidin, and ferritin. Also, the activities of ALT, AST, and ALP were considerably greater in thalassemic individuals compared to control. Additionally, hepcidin has gave excellent sensitivity in the prognosis of β-thalassemia major, while urine β2MG has gave fair sensitivity and ANP has gave poor sensitivity. In conclusion, β-thalassemia major can cause iron overload, renal and liver problems.