Co-pyrolysis of waste tire and walnut shell and investigation of usability of pyrolytic liquid product in alternative liquid fuel production

In this study, a series of individual pyrolysis and co-pyrolysis studies on walnut shell (WS) and waste tire (WT), which have high production potential for the production of quality pyrolytic oil, under 500 °C optimal temperature, 10°C/min constant heating rate and 60 minutes retention time conditions has been carried out. In co-pyrolysis studies, mixture samples with WS/WT: 3/1, 2/2 and 1/3 additive ratios by mass were used. As a result of the pyrolysis studies, it was determined that the positive synergistic effect (ΔY>0) was realized under the conditions of using samples with WS/WT: 3/1 additive ratio. Under these conditions, a 52,57% efficient liquid product by mass was obtained on a dry ashless basis. It was determined that the results of the FT-IR and GC-MS analyzes performed on the malten fractions of the pyrolytic liquid products were in harmony with each other, and also, as a result of the co-pyrolysis process, a remarkable synergistic effect occurred on the chemical content types and distributions of the liquid product.As a result of the studies, there was a positive synergistic effect on the carbon, hydrogen and higher heating values of the co-pyrolytic liquid product, while a negative synergistic effect was observed on the oxygen content, kinematic viscosity and density values. These synergistic effects were realized as a positive contribution to the higher quality of the co-pyrolytic oil. The optimal co-pyrolytic liquid organic phase is 35,40 MJ/kg; 1,69 cSt (40°C), 1059,28 kg/m3 (15,6℃) and 60℃ flash point had significant fuel properties. In addition, it was determined that the viscosity and flash point values of the co-pyrolytic oil were compatible with the value ranges reported for commercial diesel fuels. In addition, as a result of atmospheric distillation studies, it was determined that the co-pyrolytic organic phase contains approximately 40% light naphtha, 10% heavy naphtha and 30% medium distillate by volume. In addition, it has been seen that this product can be used as a gasoline or gasoline additive as a result of IBP-72°C boiling point range, 20% distillate fraction, direct or low cost improvement. When all these results are evaluated collectively, it has been seen that the co-pyrolytic liquid can be used as a raw material loading in the production of various commercial liquid fuels and also various chemicals with high added value.