The causes, process, and future perspective of Arab migration to Europe

This master's thesis examines Arab migration to Europe from a multi-layered structural perspective rather than a one-dimensional approach. The study analyzes social, political, and economic structures in the Middle East to explain migration dynamics. Regarding Social Structure, sharp class inequalities, identity-based discrimination, and rural-urban divisions create a sense of exclusion. Growing awareness of relative deprivation amplified by the communication revolution, particularly among young generations, directs people toward Europe in search of a better life. From a Political Structure perspective, the absence of democratic governance, the dominance of security elites, and the erosion of state institutions have weakened social trust. Armed conflicts such as the Syrian civil war and the invasion of Iraq have triggered mass forced displacement. This political crisis transforms migration into an existential act rather than merely a security-seeking measure. The Economic Structure is characterized by high unemployment, weak industrialization, and dependence on a rentier economy. Through the migration-remittances model, Arab labor supports countries of origin while simultaneously reinforcing their dependence on Western economies. Neoliberal transformations have deepened income disparities, making migration a rational economic option. The thesis examines the Golan Heights as a historical case of forced displacement following the 1967 occupation, marked by systematic expulsion and destruction. The experiences of Golan diaspora communities in Germany, France, and Sweden are analyzed regarding integration and identity construction. The research evaluates migration not merely as a demographic crisis but as a reflection of the complex phenomena of the modern age.