Economic and fiscal dimension of European Union migration policy

In the last 30 years, the European Union (EU), which has built its migration management on the basis of security, has been trapped between democratic values and issues of national sovereignty. Migration has emerged as a threat to the European public by migrating from the political level to the security level at the Union level. EU countries are reluctant to implement the EU's common migration policy due to the nature of the tax and expenditure systems they have and the impact of immigrants on public finances. In addition to border security and border activities, the EU also seeks cooperation with third countries against irregular migration. This approach can be characterized as an alternative to the actions of the common immigration policy that can not be implemented. This understanding of migration management is called the 'externalization' policy on migration. With the legal basis of readmission agreements, irregular migration movements are keeping under control in third countries and financial aid programs are applied to these countries. The EU shapes its financial aid programs in the short, medium and long term. They form their aids according to the level of needs. However, the programs financed for third countries at the EU level in the area of migration and asylum seek not only for the migration management process but also for the elimination of poverty, the main objective of EU development policy. In this study, the effects of EU migration policies were examined on the budget, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), employment and national income ratios. Within the scope of the externalization policy, the level of financial assistance programs applied to third countries, the adequacy of meeting the needs of the refugees and the realization of the global targets were discussed. In recent years, have been examined financial aid programs' contribution to the migration management on the against the irregular migration movements towards the EU on the short, medium and long term. In this study, a case study was conducted by using qualitative research method. During the research, data were derived from EU and international institutions, national and international academic studies. In the thesis, a case study was done by using a qualitative research method. In the thesis, the EU resources analysed on externalization policies and financial aid instruments.