Digital monitoring of immigrants in the scope of the protection of the European Union's borders

Border monitoring with passports has been carried to a much higher level today and has evolved into a process where artificial intelligence, algorithms, and biometric technologies are also used. Border controls began to mismatch with physical borders; It has become complex where technological barriers, databases, digital-based devices, and systems that track on land and sea are also used. Digital-based technologies such as social media environments and artificial intelligence algorithms have also been added to the tracking and surveillance systems being used. A wide range of digital technologies are used as part of these measures to regulate border mobility and detect unwanted persons before they have a chance to enter national territory. The European Union has long been a center of attraction for immigrants. Within the scope of removing controls at the borders between EU member states and developing a common border management system at external borders; In addition to strict border controls, third-country citizens are followed in a digitalized environment with up-to-date digital technologies, and are subjected to a series of procedures and practices. Various EU institutions, especially Frontex, have undertaken important tasks in regulating mobility within the European Union and preventing irregular migrants, unwanted elements and illegal movements. The efforts to digitize borders into e-borders are continuing. Border monitoring is not limited to the physical borders of the EU geography; In addition to ongoing mechanisms such as concrete walls and barbed wire, remote controls that go beyond physical borders, risk analyzes supported by digital data obtained before take-off, profiling, artificial intelligence, and biometric technologies are also utilized. On the other hand, studies are carried out for face recognition, detection of mental states and emotions, automatic decision making, and analysis through systems such as Iborderctrl.