Structural situation and development possibilities of dairy cattle operations in Baku, Azerbaijan

Today, modern dairy cattle farming is preferred in terms of animal health, environmental cleanliness and profitability of dairy cattle. In this study, structural and technical characteristics, manure management, number of dairy cattle in barns, daily milk yield, workers in farms, dairy farm owners' work experience, educational status and development possibilities were examined in Baku, Azerbaijan. The material of the research consists of 50 cattle shelters in Baku. The owners of the surveyed enterprises were interviewed face to face and was completed and shelters were observed. 30% of the education level of the owners is bachelor's degree, 14% is labor school education, 38% is secondary school graduate, 18% is uneducated and the age groups is between 0-40 years % 22, 41-50 years % 34,% 51-60 age,% 28,% 61 and over 16% were observed. 22% of the shelters surveyed have freestall, 46% have semi-closed and 32% have free open systems. 56% of the enterprises are engaged only in dairy cattle production and 44% of them also produce meat. There is no manure storage in 82% of the barns and no milking parlor in 92%. It was observed that milking was done with 42% milking machine and the daily milk amount per animal varied between 5-25 l. 18% of the dairy farms process and sell the milk. At the end of the study, it was observed that most of the farms except two were not suitable in terms of structure and milk yield was low despite the use of productive cow breeds. As a result of this study, a modern shelter was designed to meet animal demands.