Synthesis and investigation of antimicrobial activities of cox inhibitors bearing azole rings

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the group of drugs that show their effects by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes and are frequently used in the treatment of pain and inflammation. In addition to these widely known therapeutic uses, NSAIDs have been reported to exhibit moderate antimicrobial activity and to increase antimicrobial activity when administered in combination with commercial antimicrobial drugs. In this thesis, new antimicrobial compounds were synthesised by linking various NSAIDs (naproxen, ibuprofen, flurbiprofen) and azole rings (pyrazole, imidazole, triazole and benzimidazole) known as antimicrobial pharmacophores via hydrazone bridge. The chemical structures of the compounds were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS spectra. It was proved by using NOESY and DFT methods that EC=N-EN-N-antiperiplanar and EC=N-EN-N-synperiplanar conformers are responsible for the double peaks observed in NMR spectra obtained in DMSO-d6. Finally, the compounds were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal effects and according to the biological activity results obtained, some derivatives were shown to have inhibitory effects on Candida albicans filamentation and/or bacterial communication system known as quorum sensing.