The examination of texts of literary criticism and polemic in the Bahçe Magazine

Turkish people have made significant changes in every aspect of their life since they entered the modernization process. After Administrative Reforms many stages were covered in this process. But 2. constitutional monarchy forms a turning point doubtlessly in these developments. In literatüre very important controversies are discussed in this term when our country witnessed a lot of changes. New understanding and descriptions were fighting against old and inflexible literature. This struggle happens around the magazines which are the types of developing Turkish press. Magazines and periodicals which start their issue lives with literary vision are the places where literary comprehension are supported in 2. constitutional monarchy. In this term type of critique is in the stage of institutionalization. Apart from that hot debates are made on rhythm which is a very significant tool of our literature. The point of rhythm which develops in parallel with the topic of the simplification of Turkish language is the important step taken on the way of national literature. These topics that have a vital importance for our literature are discussed in one of these magazines, that is Bağçe Magazine. It is an important sample for the next generation with its mission. We see the most of men of letters who write in Bağçe Magazine on the important turning points in the history of our literature and in the activities like revolution. The magazine which has a great importance in terms of giving a type to Turkish literature and nationalizing Turkish poems and language firstly starts its publication on 13 Kanunisani 1320 with the name of Çocuk Bağçesi. But day by day it targets not only children but also adults. After 43.issue it is censored and closed under the compulsion. The magazine that starts its publication life after 3 years, takes the name of `Bağçe? and it doesn?t conceal targeting the adults. It stops its publication life on 26 August 1325. Criticisms of work of style published in Bağçe and Çocuk Bağçesi, the polemic articles among the writers form the basis of this work. In the introduction part of our work, magazine business in Turkish literature and especially the years of 2. constitutional monarchy has been evaluated, in the first part the literary aspect of Bağçe has been examined. The second and the third parts have been formed by dividing them into two parts. In the second part, firstly literary critics have been classified and then they have been assessed according to their contents. In the third part the same method has been applied for the literary polemics. Key words: 2. constitutional monarchy, magazine, Bahçe Magazine, criticism, polemic.