Expectations from presidential system and Turkey

Discussions about the system alteration in Turkey started in 1980s. The frequency of these discussions has increased in different time periods, and at other times has decreased and is mainly about the presidency system and its applicability in Turkey. With this study, we aim to investigate the justifications that are set forth in favor of the presidency system in Turkey, and also to investigate the results that will be observed in presidency system and their satisfaction levels by taking different viewpoints into account. In the first section of the study, the political system and the conceptual frame of the political regime have been explained. Information on government systems according to the separation of political powers theory have been provided and the parliamentary system and half-presidency system have been explained. In the second section, the general frame of the presidency system has been drawn and the prototype of this system has been examined by casting a light on the USA and Latin American countries where it has given unsuccessful results. In the third section, the characteristics of the Turkish Political Culture in terms of presidency system have been dealt with. Furthermore, the government systems which have been constantly stated in the Constitutions of Turkey; and the political unrest which has been interrelated with the parliamentary system have been explained. In the last section, the governments that have a strong desire for presidency system and their justifications have been provided. The difference between the presidency model proposed by the AK Party in Turkey with a Turkish orientation, and the American-style presidency system has been explained. Moreover, the possible results in case the presidency system is applied in Turkey and the ideal political system for Turkey have been given. Key Words: Separation of Political Powers, Parliamentary System, Presidency System, Political Culture, Political System, Political Unrest, Democracy