Developing a new quantitative scale for assessing the risk of pressure injury and comparing existing scales

This study was carried out with a methodological design to create a new quantitative risk assessment scale in the evaluation of pressure injury (PI) and to compare it with existing scales. The study was conducted with a total of 150 patients in the anesthesia and reanimation intensive care unit (ICU) of a university hospital between 10/01/2024 and 10/01/2025. Data were collected by the researcher and a second independent observer through patient monitoring. The obtained data were coded in a statistical program and evaluated using number, percentage, Chi-square analysis, independent samples t test, Paried-t test, correlation analysis, ROC analysis, Youden's Index, Cronbach's Alpha and inter-observer agreement test. The degree of significance was accepted as p:0,001. Braden Risk Assessment Scale (BRAS) results Cronbach's Alpha: 0,810; area under the curve (AUC): 0,835; cut-off point: 14; sensitivity: %74,4; specificity: %72,9; likelihood ratios (Likelihood Ratios-LR) +LR: 2,84; -LR: 0,41; Youden's index: 0,47; positive predictive value (PPV): %52,46; negative predictive value (NPV): %87,64; precision: %73,33; interobserver agreement (ICC): 0,658, p<:0,001. Jackson/Cubbin Risk Assessment Scale (JCRAS) results Cronbach's Alpha: 0,838; AUC: 0,843; cut-off point: 33; sensitivity: %81,4; specificity: %80,4; +LR: 4,15; -LR: 0,23; Youden's index: 0,62; PPV: %61,82; NPV: %90,53; precision: %80,0; ICC: 0,904, p:0,001. The results of the SABIHEM-IT (skin, albumin, age, body mass index, incontinence, hemoglobin, erythema, mobility, ınfrared thermography) scale developed within the scope of this doctoral thesis were found as follows; Cronbach's Alpha: 0,840; AUC: 0,964; cut-off point: 9; sensitivity: %93,7; specificity: %89,7; +LR: 9,10; -LR: 0,07; Youden's index: 0,83; PPV: %78,0; NPV: %96,0; precision: %90,0; ICC: 0,998, p:0,001. It was observed that PI occurred in %28,6 of the patients. It was found that the infrared thermal camera could detect temperature changes and PI especially in the sacrum. As a result, while the validity-reliability and inter-observer agreement results of SABIHEM-IT were found to be higher than those of BRAS and JCRAS, SABIHEM-IT was found to be superior in assessing the risks of PI in ICU.