Analyzing risks in pressurized vessels with the Bow-tie model

The significant revolutions brought by technology in the workplace have contributed to societal welfare and development worldwide, while simultaneously posing threats to human life and the work environment. The era of mechanization, which began in the 18th century with the combination of energy sources with machines, has resulted in numerous workplace accidents up to the present day, attributable to various factors and external influences. The increase in accidents has been described as a global problem and the need to take preventive measures has become mandatory. Many occupational safety measures are implemented in pressure vessels where risks such as fire, explosion and leakage occur in the event of work accidents. These measures not only protect the workers and ensure the safety of the working environment but also effectively prevent potential workplace accidents. In addition to physical measures and training, risk analyses conducted by Occupational Health and Safety officers specific to the workplace have contributed to reducing accidents and keeping both employees and employers constantly aware of possible accident scenarios. This study focuses on the entire process from the production to the usage of 'Pressurized Vessels,' which are ubiquitous in our social and work life, as well as the threats that may arise during their usage, possible consequences, and mitigating factors, using the Bow-tie risk analysis model (also known as the Butterfly model) as the driving methodology. The primary hazard identified for this risk modeling is the 'Explosion of a Hot Water Boiler,' and an analysis study has been conducted accordingly. By addressing the critical event in the Bow-tie risk modeling and its possible consequences, especially incorporating preventive barriers to reduce damage/intensity, it is understood that this analysis method is effective in all fields containing risks, such as pressurized vessels discussed in this thesis, where maintenance and checks need to be continuously monitored, and where humans and machines work closely together. Keywords: Occupational health and safety, pressurized vessels, bow-tie risk analysis, workplace accidents, boiler explosion