Investigation of submerged vane applications by experimental and numerical methods

River regulation structures are important as scours occur in the outer meanders due to the high flow velocities in case of flooding in the rivers. In this study, submerged vane structures, a new method in the meandering part of open channels, were investigated experimentally and numerically. The experiments were applied to the numerical model made for open channel flow discharges of 10 and 20 lt/sn. In the first part of the study, 8 experimental and 8 numerical models were created for open channel flow experiments, 3 different submerged vane cases (B1, B2 and B3) and no vane situation (B0) and for 10-20 lt/sn discharges. The VOF method was used to calculate the water-air interface in the numerical model. The flow velocity results of the numerical models obtained using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were compared with the experimental results and the results were found to be compatible. According to the numerical results, the effect of submerged wing structures for B1 single vane case, B2 double vane case and B3 triple submerged vane cases compared to no vane (B0) cases was investigated. Experimentally, at 60% (0.6d) of the flow depth, a comparison was made at 48 points versus 8 measurement points in 6 different sections. Depth-flow velocity variation of the flow with these 48 points was investigated and the effects of submerged vane structures (B1, B2 and B3) on the maximum and average flow velocity along with the depth were investigated. In case of 10 lt/sn flow discharge, B3 submerged vane structures reduce the flow velocity behind the vane by 25-39%. In the case of 20 lt/sn flow discharge, it was observed that the B2 submerged vane structures reduced the flow velocity behind the vane by 13.5%-29%. In addition, in the case of 10 lt/sn flow discharge, the change of flow velocities with depth using CFD in case B3 was investigated and it was found that the maximum velocity decreased by 22-34% and the average velocity decreased by 26-38% along the depth. In the second part of the study, curvilinear submerged vane structures are modeled considering current studies and 20lt/sn flow discharge. The curvilinear submerged vane with no angle (EB1), curvilinear submerged vane placed at an angle of 20 with respect to the outer meander (EB2) and the curvilinear submerged vane placed at an angle of 20 with respect to the inner meander (EB3) were obtained and their effects on the flow velocities were investigated. In the EB1, EB2 and EB3 cases, as in the B1, B2 and B3 cases, the effect on the flow velocity was investigated at 48 different points and the submerged vane effect was investigated along with the depth. It has been determined that at 0.6d, curvilinear submerged vanes have decreases in flow velocities up to 77% for EB1, 92% for EB2 and 86% for EB3. In the maximum and average flow velocity along the depth, respectively; It was found that EB1 case decreased by 50% and 54%, EB2 case was 76% and 83%, and EB3 case was 47% and 68%. It has been determined that curvilinear submerged vanes generally reduce the flow velocity and direct the flow.