Determination of pestic and beneficial insect fauna in Batman province Beşiri district pi̇stachio (Pistacia vera L.) gardens

In this study, it was aimed to determine the harmful and beneficial insect pests in Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) orchards in Batman Province Beşiri District in the years 2021-2022. As a result of the study, 23 harmful insect species belonging to 16 families belonging to 3 orders and 24 beneficial insect species belonging to 9 families belonging to 5 orders were determined. Among these determined insect species, as harmful species: Kermania pistaciella Amsel, Agonoscena pistaciae Burck. and Laut., Lepidosaphes pistaciae Arch., Psallus (Psallus) flavellus Stichel, Smaragdina scutellaris Lefevre, Pseudocoeliodes rubricus Gyllenhal, Ahasverus advena Waltl, Hylesinus vestitus Mulsant & Rey, Capnodis cariosa Pallas, Anapulvinaria pistaciae Bodenheimer; As useful species, Chrysoperla carnea Step., Scymnus subvillosus Goeze, Stethorus gilvifrons Mulsant, Nephus nigricans Weise, Coccinella septempunctata L., Oenopia conglobata Lin., and Hippodamia variegata Goeze were determined to be important in terms of prevalence and density. Parasitoid insects, Centistidea (Paracentistidea) pistaciella van Achterberg & Mehrnejad species was detected for the first time as a pupal parasitoid on Kermania pistacella species that damages pistachio in Turkey. In addition, Cremastus lineatus Gravenhorst species was detected in Turkey before and it was detected for the first time as a pupal parasitoid on Kermania pistacella species. However, the harmful species Phloeosinus aubei Perris, Anthocomus equestris Fabricius, Ahasverus advena Waltl, Psallus (Psallus) flavellus Stichel, Tingis (Tropidocheila) reticulata Herrich-Schäffer which were detected in the pistachio orchards where the study was carried out, were previously detected in Turkey and are the first record for pistachio. Tychius pusillus Germar is the first record for Turkey.