Characterization and production of sert carbon from some tree leaves and usage in energy storage

Energy is the basis of life and has been the most basic element in the production of human needs. In recent years, restrictions on the use of fossil fuels have come to the fore, especially against the production of carbon dioxide as a result of global warming. Large automotive companies have started to attach great importance to the production of materials for the development of models that use electrical energy in the near future. Although important steps have been taken in this regard, the problems related to energy storage and the frequency and duration of charging have not been overcome yet. Lithium-ion batteries have led to new searches due to the reserves of lithium in the world. Intensive studies are being carried out for the use of active carbon-based capacitors and sodium ion batteries, and the use of hard carbon in sodium ion batteries has begun to come to the fore. In this thesis, sert carbon production, characterization and energy storage properties (sodium ion battery and/or capacitor) from three different tree leaves (oak, apricot and cherry) as biomass were investigated. First of all, green leaves were used as a source of biomass, and after the leaves on the tree were collected, they were washed with clean water and turned into powder in the laboratory environment. The same process steps were performed for the leaves that fell from the trees in autumn. Ash determination of all ground samples was made and raw samples were characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM analyses. The ground leaf samples were taken into a quartz glass tube in a cylindrical furnace with three zone heating, and hard carbon was produced at temperatures of 900, 1100 and 1100oC in an inert nitrogen atmosphere at heating rates of 5oC/minute, characterization and energy storage properties were examined in detail and Na-ion batteries were produced. Keywords: Leaf, sert carbon, energy storage