Investigations on fatty acid profile and bioactivities of some apiaceae plants

Bupleurum rotundifolium, Ferulago longisitylis, Ferulago platycarpa (Apiaceae) were collected from Sivas, Tokat, Erzurum districts. The plants were extracted with hexane. Fatty acids of the hexane extracts of the aerial parts were evaluated for antimicrobial and insecticidal activities and their fatty acid profiles were analyzed by means of GC-MS method. Nine FAME [72.04%] were identified in the hexane extract of the aerial parts of Bupleurum rotundifolium. Linoleic acid (LA) (ω-6) and α- linolenic acid (ALA) (ω-3) are found respectively 14.64% and 14.47% rates. Seven FAME [86.27%] were identified in the hexane extract of the aerial parts of Ferulago longisitylis. Linoleic acid and α- linolenic acid are found respectively 24.94% and 19.99% rates. Nine FAME [81.90%] were identified in the hexane extract of the aerial parts of Ferulago platycarpa. Linoleic acid and α- linolenic acid are found respectively 19.55% and 9.12% rates. The major fatty acid in all of these three plants' hexane extracts was palmitic acid [23.44%, 30.87%, 22.65%]. Hexane extracts were tested at different concentrations to establish the minimum concentration of toxicity by means of microdilution method. The highest concentration was 2.5 mg / ml in this study. Chloramphenicol was used for bacteria, ketoconazole was used for fungi as control. All of these three plant hexane extracts showed the strongest antimicrobial activity (156.25-625 µg/ml) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Bacillus cereus NRRL B-3711 ve Serratia marcescens NRRL B-2544 strains. But these extracts did not show antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli NRRL B-3008 ve Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 strains. Only Ferulago longistylis extract showed anticandidal activity (625 µg/ml) against Candida albicans ÖGÜ-Klinik strain. Single dose scanning tests were applied on the extracts of the plants in order to evaluate the insecticidal activity. Extract of F.longistylis showed the strongest insecticidal activity against S. granarius with 85.58%. F. platycarpa extract showed similar activity rate with 83.58%. Although it gave us different rates from control, B. rotundifolium extract showed very low activity (%7.71) against S. granarius.