Bazı katkıların sert poliüretan köpüklerin özellikleri üzerine etkileri: alev geciktiricilik, ısıl iletkenlik ve basma dayanımı

In this study, rigid polyurethane foam composites containing aluminum trihydrate (ATH), zinc borate (ZnB), triphenyl phosphate (TPhP), and their binary blends were prepared by using one-shot method. Additive amounts were varied from 10% to 50% by polyol weight percentage, and the weight fractions of the binary blends were also fixed at 40%. The flame retardancy, thermal insulation, and mechanical properties of the foam composites were investigated. Limiting oxygen index (LOI), horizontal burning and cone calorimeter tests were performed for flame retardancy. The surface morphology, closed cell content, density, thermal conductivity and compressive strength of the foams are determined. All additives showed increases in the LOI values and decreases in the flame spread rates. Self-extinguishing was observed for the composites of 40% and 50% by polyol weight percentage. In most cases, peak heat release rate and total heat release of composites were less than those of rigid polyurethane foam. Composites with TPhP exhibited the higher amount of carbon monoxide release while composites incorporated with ATH diminished the carbon monoxide production. Composites filled with ATH demonstrated reduced total smoke release and total smoke production. The thermal conductivity values of composites containing ATH and ZnB showed decreases until the level of 7.8% compared to the foam without additives. The compressive strength values of almost all foam composites were observed to be above 120 kPa, which is an acceptable value for most of the applications. All of the results revealed that composites possessing both improved flame retardancy and preserved/improved thermal and mechanical properties can meet the demands from the foam industries.