Determination of efectiveness of some essential oils in controlling of tomato bacterial cancer and wilt (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. Michiganensis) and its use for seed film coating

Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) is a seed borne gram positive phytobacteria. Bacterial cancer and wilt caused by Cmm can created damages in seedling, plant and marketable fruit of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill.), which is important vegetable. Cmm is quarantine pathogen. Due to a very low Cmm inoculum in tomato seed can also created a risk of contamination, the zero contamination is required in seed health tests for Cmm control. A licensed chemical can be applied to tomato seed for Cmm control is not available. In recent years, many research has been done for organic agriculture and biological control aganist Cmm and like phytopathogens. Totay, some natural compounds like fixed and essential oils originated from plants is thought to be a good alternative to chemical pesticides. In this study, the effectiveness of some commercial essential oils (EOs) were conducted to determine for control of Cmm in tomato seed. Antibactericidal effects of EOs, appropriate dose and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the usability of antibactericidal effected EOs for tomato seed treatment and film coating, effects of seed treatment and film coating with EOs on tomato seed and seedling parameters, Cmm eradication from tomato seed were investigated. Also, performances of these treatments in seedling production, effect of seed film coating with EOs and after short-term storage on emergency rate (ER), clean seed rate (CSR) and bacterial density in seed (BDS) were determined. Origanum vulgare was detected the most effective EOs in seed treatment and film coating for Cmm control and followed Origanum onites, Lavandula stoechas and Rosmarinus officinalis, respectively. MIC values of EOs used in this study ranged from 62,5 to 500 ppm. EOs were not affected seedlings and storage parameters, whereas seed germination rate (GR) and ER rate was adversely affected depending on the type and dose of EOs. Also, effects of EOs on the mean germination time (MGT), the mean emergency time (MET) and effect of storage on ER, CSR and BDS were found statistically insignificant. Effect of seed film coating with EOs on ER and seedling growing has been found promising. Results of this research has revealed that seed film coating with EOs for Cmm control in tomato seed could be effective and new resarches in this issue should be continued.