Investigation of monthly changes of phenological and pomological characteristics with olive oil components in olive varieties

This study was carried out to compare pomological and biochemical characteristics of 16 olive varieties (8 foreign and 8 local origin), which widely grown in Turkey and in the world. All varieties were provided in Edremit Olive Production, Training and Germplasm Management Gömeç Olive Collection Orchard. Varieties were collected in periods of 4 weeks from the date of June 22, 2009. The collected samples were brought in laboratories of Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University Faculty of Agriculture Department of Horticulture for measurement and analyses. Fruits collected in monthly periods (4 weeks) of Arbequina, Ascolana, Ayvalık, Domat, Edincik Su, Gemlik, Gordal, Hojiblanca, Karamürsel Su, Manzanilla de Carmona, Manzanilla de dos Hermandes, Memecik, Negral, Samanlı, Uslu and Verdial varieties were examined by biochemically and pomologically in research. In this examinations fruit width (mm), fruit length (mm), fruit index (length/width), seed width (mm), seed length (mm), 100 fruit weight (g), 100 seed weight (g), percentage of humidity in fruit (%) and maturity index were determined. Moreover total chlorophyl content (mg/l) total phenolic compounds (mg/kg) and fatty acid composition of olive oil were figured out. In addition that fruit shape was calculated by fruit index.