Physically disabled people with the earthquake disaster coping strategies: The case of Bitlis province

The coping strategies of individuals with physical disabilities during earthquakes differ from other members of society. There are some factors which shapes differences. This study scrutinizes coping strategies developed by physically disabled individuals in Bitlis in the face of earthquakes, considering the basic characteristics of the disaster phenomenon and earthquake besides disability context. During research process, individuals' risk perceptions regarding disasters, preparedness levels, difficulties they encountered during and after earthquake, psychological effects they experienced and role of social and cultural factors were examined. In the light of the data obtained, evaluations were made to contribute to understanding of current situation and suggestions for future improvement were developed. . This study showing what a social structure that wants to create an effective and fair disaster management policy should take into consideration, reveals the psychological, sociological and physical factors that affect this process. During the research process, literature research on people with physical disabilities and earthquakes was conducted and some studies on coping processes were made. The study was structured based on a qualitative research approach and conducted using a phenomenological design. Some findings were obtained using a semi-structured interview form involving 27 participants in Bitlis. The findings were discussed and analyzed in light of the research questions. The study concluded that coping strategies were mainly shaped by emotional and physical factors. Although religious coping strategies were not effective in the long term, they were the first strategy type consulted. Nevertheless, problem focused coping strategies also appear to be another strategy used effectively. Social structure, disaster management policies and support of local governments are integral part of process. Awareness-raising training, practical exercises based on disaster scenarios, making physical spaces accessible and strengthening emotional-social support systems are basic requirements for people with physical disability to continue their lives as disaster- resistant individuals. Keywords: Physical disability, earthquake, coping, Bitlis province, disaster management