Diabetes risk and related factors in municipality office workers

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the diabetes risk of Metropolitan Municipality office workers using FINDRISC, a non-invasive diabetes risk score, and to evaluate factors associated with high diabetes risk. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among office workers in Manisa Metropolitan Municipality Central Building, and data collection was completed in May-June. The population of this study consists of 451 office workers. No sample selection was made in the research, 449 people who accepted to participate and met the inclusion criteria were interviewed, and data was collected from 437 people. Participation rate in the study was 97.2%. The dependent variable of the study was diabetes risk assessed by FINDRISC; those with ≥15 points were considered to be at high/very high risk for diabetes. The independent variables of the study are sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle characteristics, nutritional characteristics, body image, co-morbid conditions, health service use, work environment characteristics, anthropometric measurements and nutritional literacy. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 23.0 package program. Descriptive statistics were evaluated with number, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Chi square and Fischer's exact test were used in univariate analyses, and logistic regression was used in multivariate analyses. In analytic analyses, type 1 error was accepted as <0.05. Results: The average age of office workers is 37.9±7.4 years and 17.1% of employees have a high/very high risk of diabetes. According to YBOYDA, 79.4% of the participants have sufficient nutritional literacy. In multivariate analyses, it was found that the risk of diabetes was higher in those who were married (OR=2.4, 95% CI=1.1-5.2), in those who did not consume snacks (OR=2.3, 95% CI=1.3-4.0), in those with 1-2 hours between dinner or last meal and sleep (OR=2.3, 95% CI=1.1-4.9), in those whose nighttime fasting duration was <8 hours (OR=2.4, 95% CI=1.3-4.6); those who sit at work for ≥2 hours without breaks (OR=2.2, 95% CI=1.2-4.0); in those with high/very high level of work stress (OR=2.5, 95% CI=1.2-5.5); in those with borderline/insufficient nutritional literacy level (OR = 2.3, 95% CI=1.2-4.2). Conclusion: In our research, approximately one in every five office workers has a high/very high risk of diabetes, which is remarkable considering the young average age of the study. Healthy nutrition and management of feeding time, reducing prolonged sitting time, and management of perceived stress at work will be effective in reducing the risk of diabetes from a perspective of promoting health at the individual level and in the workplace. Computer applications that will improve nutritional literacy and remind to divide prolonged sitting time with breaks, behavior modifications such as encouraging use of stairs, stress management training should be implemented for office workers.